Drinking in America

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When a client comes to me because they are drinking too much, the first thing we do is we evaluate how much and how often they drink. Part of this exploration is to educate the client on health effects of alcohol and to understand the difference between healthy drinking and high-risk or problem drinking. And after the initial screening/evaluation, we then go on to look at other parts of their lives, to see what is contributing to excessive drinking and what the consequences are. This isn't an easy process, but a necessary one.

Often, clients are shocked when they learn that their drinking habit falls into the "problem or high-risk drinking" and, that they often binge drink. What may seem like a typical night out turns out to be a binge drinking session! (For women, binge drinking is drinking 5 or more units of alcohol in one session, and for men it's 7 or more.) For most people, I think, binge drinking is associated with college drinking. But this is not so.

Unfortunately, most Americans don't know what problem drinking looks like and dismiss their own heavy drinking until something bad happens. The fact is chronic heavy drinking shortens life and lowers the quality of life.

Here are some facts culled from recent findings about drinking in America.

• New England, Pacific coast, West and Midwest are the regions with the highest rates of alcohol consumption and the largest number of problem drinkers. 
• Young women on college campuses binge drink more than male students. Between 2005 and 2012 binge drinking rate for women increased by 17.5%. For men it increased by 4.9%. 
• Americans are drinking more, but it's not that more people are drinking. Alarmingly, people who drink are drinking more: 56% (some polls say 64%) of Americans report drinking regularly. Between 2005 and 2012 binge drinkers increased from 9% to 18.3%. 
• Regular churchgoers (47%) drink compared to 69% of those who don't. 
• 30 to 49 year olds drink the most. (So much for the stereotype.) 
• More whites (non-Hispanic) (69%) drink than nonwhites (52%). 
• More men (69%) drink than women (59%). 
• Wealthier and better educated Americans drink more. "8 in 10 upper-income, college grads drink, compared to about half of lower-income Americans." 
• Wealthy people drink more regularly but binge less often than their poorer counterparts.

The bottom line is that alcohol causes far greater harm than drugs. By CDC's estimation, between 2006-2010, 88,000 people died annually from complications from alcohol, while 38,329 died from drug overdoses in 2010.

Individually, persistent or chronic problem drinking is associated with depression and anxiety, decline in social and professional functioning (missing work or school, decreased productivity, social isolation, frequent arguing and fighting). Nationally this becomes a $249 billion problem each year in lost productivity and costs to cover treatment and crimes resulting from alcohol. Ultimately we all have to pay.

Dangers of Binge Drinking

Have you drunk more than 8 drinks in a single occasion this month? If you answer is yes you are not alone. On average 38 million American adults binge 8 or more drinks at a rate of 4 times a month.

I've written about binge drinking and its dangers before. One of the biggest misconception about binge drinking is that it's a problem primarily for young people — minors, college students and young professionals. What may surprise you is that the group of people who are at most risk from dangers of binge drinking (defined as drinking 5 or more drinks in one occasion) are middle aged adults.

According to the latest report from the CDC, 6 people on average die from alcohol poisoning each day. Surprisingly, 75% of them are adults between 35 to 64 years old. And majority of them (75%) are men.

Clients I see will NOT die from alcohol poisoning. The problem as I see it is that frequent binge drinking or heavy drinking normalizes drinking until it becomes habitual. It becomes the norm. Without so much awareness habitual drinking becomes the way to deal with unwanted feelings and positive feelings. Prolonged alcohol abuse weakens all the systems in the body and contribute to unnecessary health conditions, lower our quality of life and contribute to early death.

It's difficult to believe but alcohol-related deaths outnumber all drug overdose deaths each year.

In our culture we celebrate, socialize and cope with stress with alcohol. Inherently this isn't a bad thing. As long as we have inhabited this planet, we have invented concoctions to help us escape reality.

What is "bad" is when alcohol use or overuse becomes the "go to" to deal with stress, anxiety, loneliness and boredom.

If you find yourself drinking habitually ask yourself these questions.

• Am I drinking too much? (Everyone has that inner voice of reason, which is often more ignorable under the influence)
• Do my friends or social circle drink too much and act up in ways that raise red flags (DUI's fights, arrests, questionable sexual behavior?
• Do I wake up middle of the night and find myself unable to fall back asleep?
• Am I hungover in the morning and have a hard time getting going?
• Am I missing school or work because of my drinking?
• Have others (friends, family, partner, husband or wife) nagged me about my drinking?

Binge Drinking

Dictionary definition of binge:
a : a drunken revel
b : an unrestrained and often excessive indulgence
c : an act of excessive or compulsive consumption (as of food)
Binge drinking is defined as drinking five or more drinks in one sitting or session. If you want to get technical it's five for males and four for women. Women, due to size and biology just can't handle as much alcohol. Excessive or heavy drinking cutoff is more than 15 drinks per week for men and 8 for women. Just to get really nerdy, a drink is equivalent to a 12 ounce bottle or can of beer (this means a pint is a drink and a half), a shot of liquor and 5 ounces of wine (five units in a bottle).

Why is binging on alcohol so bad for you?
• You will feel bad the next day. Hello hangover!

• Increased likelihood of injury from falls, trips, bumping into things
• Under the influence (drunk) you are more likely to be disinhibited: doing things you normally wouldn't, like having unprotected sex, deciding to drive home, spending money excessively, etc.

• Alcohol poisoning which can permanently damage your brain, liver and other organs
• Getting into fights with friends, strangers, or your significant other
• Getting arrested, going to jail, etc.

• It may become habitual, which means you are at risk of becoming alcohol dependent and early death

According to the CDC, one in six adults binge drink about 8 drinks 4 times a month! 

16 Danger Signs of Relapse

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This list is from an excellent Facebook post. Even though the list seems it's from AA (Alcoholics Anonymous) for AA members, I think we can all benefit from this list even if we are not struggling with a severe addiction. I feel addicted can also mean we compulsively repeat certain patterns of behavior based on a set of beliefs, which can hold us back from growth.

For those of you who say you are "allergic" to the AA model,  go ahead and read the list and replace AA, sponsor, meetings with family, friend, get together, etc...

Relapse can mean returning to an old behavior which you attempted to change or correct. Or it can mean actual addiction to alcohol and drugs.

Basically, be present and be mindful of what's going on in yourself.

DANGER SIGNS OF RELAPSE

1. Exhaustion — Allowing oneself to become overly tired; usually associated with work addiction as an excuse for not facing personal frustrations.

2. Dishonesty — Begins with pattern of little lies; escalated to self-delusion and making excuses for not doing what's called for.

3. Impatience — I want what I want NOW. Others aren't doing what I think they should or living the way I know is right. Instant gratification is a monster that needs to be tamed.

4. Argumentativeness — No point is too small or insignificant not to be debated to the point of anger and submission.

5. Depression  — All unreasonable, unaccountable despair should be exposed and discussed, not repressed: what is the "exact nature" of those feelings?

6. Frustration  — Controlled anger/resentment when things don't go according to our plans. Lack of acceptance. See #3. Being a baby.

7. Self-pity — Feeling victimized, put-upon, used, unappreciated, disrespected: convinced we are being singled out for bad luck.

8. Cockiness — Got it made. Know all there is to know. Can go anywhere, including frequent visits just to hang-out at bars, boozy parties or an other potentially complicated setting where the addiction monster may get tempted.

9. Complacency - Like #8, no longer sees value of daily program, meetings, contact with other(s) alcoholics, (especially sponsor!), feels healthy, on top of the world, things are going well. Heck may even be cured!

10. Expecting too much of others — Why can't they read my mind? I've changed, what's holding them up? If they just do what I know is best for them? Leads to feeling misunderstood, unappreciated. See #6.

11. Letting up on disciplines — Allowing established habits of recovery - meditations, prayer, spiritual reading, emotional support system or AA contact, daily inventory, meetings or getting together with a pal — to slip out of our routines; allowing recovery to get boring and no longer stimulating for growth. Why bother?!

12. Using mood-altering chemicals — May have a valid medical reason, but misused to help avoid the real problems of impending alcoholic, drug or a behavioral addiction relapse.

13. Wanting too much — Setting unrealistic goals: not providing for short-term successes; placing too much value on material success, not enough on value of spiritual growth.

14. Forgetting gratitude — Because of several listed above, may lose sight of the abundant blessings in our everyday lives: too focused on # 13.

15. "It can't happen to me." — Feeling immune; forgetting what we know about the disease of addiction, including alcoholism and its progressive nature.

16. Omnipotence — A combination of several attitudes listed above; leads to ignoring danger signs, disregarding warnings and advice from fellow members or emotional support network.

Economics of Drinking

Pareto Law is a little known principle applicable to multiple disciplines. It is better known as the 80-20 rule: 80% of the effects comes from 20% of causes, or 20% of workers in an organization perform 80% of the work. 

What does this have to do with alcohol consumption? Everything, of course. 20% of Americans consume 80% of alcohol sold in the U.S. 

Check out this graphic.

Shockingly, 10% of Americans (24 million people over the age of 18) drink over 50% of all alcohol consumed in America. That averages out to 10 drinks per day or nearly 74 drinks a week (2 bottles of wine a day, or 18 bottles of wine or three 24-cases of beer per week).

These statistics are from Paying the Tab: The Costs and Benefits of Alcohol Control by Philip Cook, a professor of Public Policy at Duke. And, I have not read the book yet.

Here are some more fascinating bits from the book which used data from a national survey that took place between 2001 and 2005: 

• 30% of Americans don't drink at all. 
• 30% of Americans drink at least one drink a day 
• 20% drink at least two a day. (BTW, low-risk or moderate drinking falls somewhere between the two.) 

And according to the CDC excessive drinking costs us $223.5 billion in 2006, or about $1.90
per drink.

Definitely more to come on this fascinating topic...

All About Alcohol

Contrary to what we are led to believe, alcohol is the worst when it comes to harmful consequences. Globally it kills 2.5 million people and nationally 75,000 people die prematurely because of alcoholism and alcohol-related illnesses. It is the third leading killer globally.

An infographic from the team at Addiction Blog
Alcohol and the modern world (INFOGRAPHIC)

Here are some sobering facts about alcohol you may not have considered:

What is heavy drinking or risky drinking?
For men 14 or more units of alcohol per week.
For women, the number drops to 7.

What is a unit of alcohol?
.6 fluid ounce or 12 grams of pure alcohol, that is a 12 oz. bottle of beer, a shot of booze or a glass of wine (1/5th of a bottle).

Prolonged alcohol abuse or heavy drinking is linked to serious health risks:

• alcoholic cardiomyopathy 
• alcoholic liver disease 
• decrease in bone density 
• decrease in bone mass (leading to osteoporosis) 
• heart arrythmias 
• increased blood pressure 
• increased risk of bone fracture 
• loss of immune response 
• stroke

But, just being drunk can be bad in the short term.

• impaired, drunk or intoxicated driving
• fighting and violence, including domestic violence
• child neglect: 7.5 million children or 1 in 10 children live in homes with alcohol use disorder
• accidents

Lest we forget: alcohol costs money, it has calories, and it speeds up the ageing process.

An Affair

An Affair is a piece of video work I found online, and I felt it deserved to be viewed by my readers. To me it's a poem set to moving images. Whatever it is called, I happened to really like it.

Here is a still:

It is artful, cool and fashion-y, but it also distills the pain, hopelessness and the ambivalence of someone trapped by their alcohol abuse.

For professionals working in fashion, arts, and even advertising, how do you balance the romanticism of urbanity, nightlife, alcohol, creativity and fashion with the sometimes brutal and painful reality of alcohol abuse?

I think that the creator of An Affair knows she has an issue with alcohol. She uses images and video segments from alcohol ads designed to make it glamourous. But... reality is far from it.

Enjoy this very personal work.

For some reason I can't directly link it on the page.

Soon, my site will be relocating to a more sophisticated platform...

Binge Drinking Is Killing Russians

http://usa-moscow.blogspot.com/

If you need proof that alcoholism is a killer, you need to look no further than what was reported today on the BBC.

According to a national study cited in the article, 25% of Russian men die before age 55 from drinking too much. I quickly did the math, and it means nearly 180,000 men. Total population of Russia is 142 million.

The causes of death were liver disease and alcohol poisoning. And drunken fights and accidents were also mentioned.

Here is the link to the article with disturbing details of what is basically a national tragedy.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-25961063

Who Are These Alcoholics?

Google “alcoholic pictures” and you will find that an alcoholic tends to be an unhappy adult white male who sits in the dark with his head in his hands. He is alone and depressed with only a bottle for company.




An alcoholic, defined clinically, is someone physically dependent on (addicted to) alcohol and unable to control how much they drink; alcoholic also has cravings and increased tolerance, and goes through withdrawal symptoms when alcohol leaves their system. Comparatively, a problem drinker, or an alcohol abuser, is someone psychologically dependent on alcohol but without the physical dependence (although a hang over is a collection of moderate withdrawal symptoms). For the problem drinker, the issue isn’t alcohol (because they can go without) but the reasons why they drink and what happens after they drink.

National Institute of Health and National Institute of Alcohol and Alcohol Abuse classified U.S. alcoholics into five subtypes. These results are from a 2007 national survey, and it is estimated 14 million Americans qualify as alcoholics.

Young Adult subtype: largest group in the U.S. with 31.5 percent of alcoholics. Low rate of mental illness, drug abuse and history alcoholism in their families. Least likely to seek out help.

Young Antisocial subtype: In their mind-twenties, 21 percent of U.S. alcoholics. Early onset of alcohol use and problems related to alcohol abuse. More than half from families with alcoholics. About half are diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder. Many suffer from the trinity of mental illness (depression, bipolar disorder and anxiety problems). More than 75 percent smoke cigarettes and marijuana, and many have problems with cocaine and opiates. More than a third seek help.

Functional subtype: 19.5 percent of alcoholics. They are mostly middle-aged, well-educated, with stable jobs and families. Third have alcoholism in their family histories, a quarter had major depression at some point in their lives, and nearly half were smokers of tobacco.

Intermediate Familial subtype: 19 percent of American alcoholics, they are middle-aged and half withs familial history of alcoholism. Most smoked, half of them had clinical depression, and 20% have had bipolar disorder. Nearly 20% had problems with cocaine and marijuana. In this group only a quarter get treated.

Chronic subtype: 9 percent of U.S. alcoholics. Middle-aged; began drinking heavily at an early age. High rates of Antisocial Personality Disorder and criminality. Highest rate of mental illness (depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder). High rates of smoking, marijuana, cocaine, and opioid dependence. 2/3 of the group get help (many of them to mandated to treatment making them the most prevalent type found in treatment.


Information, which I summarized here, comes from:

http://www.news-medical.net/news/2007/06/29/27074.aspx?page=2

http://www.alcoholic.org/research/alcoholism-statistics-and-information/

Are you an alcoholic? Find out here. 

In my practice I work to help problem drinkers with their emotional health, in addition to learning how to become a more mindful, moderate drinker.

Alcoholism Is More Lethal For Women

In the long run, Alcohol is more harmful than other substances. Period. Long-term abuse of alcohol in women has more health consequences than for men. It comes down to biology; women's bodies are more sensitive to alcohol's poisonous effects. Read more here:

http://www.drugrehab.us/news/alcoholisms-effects-in-women/